Attention, predictive learning, and the inverse base-rate effect: Evidence from event-related potentials
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Attention, predictive learning, and the inverse base-rate effect: Evidence from event-related potentials
We report the first electrophysiological investigation of the inverse base-rate effect (IBRE), a robust non-rational bias in predictive learning. In the IBRE, participants learn that one pair of symptoms (AB) predicts a frequently occurring disease, whilst an overlapping pair of symptoms (AC) predicts a rarely occurring disease. Participants subsequently infer that BC predicts the rare disease,...
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Prediction error ("surprise") affects the rate of learning: We learn more rapidly about cues for which we initially make incorrect predictions than cues for which our initial predictions are correct. The current studies employ electrophysiological measures to reveal early attentional differentiation of events that differ in their previous involvement in errors of predictive judgment. Error-rela...
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Emotionally significant stimuli typically capture attention (called motivated attention) even when they are irrelevant to tasks where attention is directed. Previous studies indicate that several components of emotional processing are intact in schizophrenia when subjects are instructed to attend to emotionally-evocative stimuli. However, few studies have examined whether emotional stimuli capt...
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A series of experiments are reviewed that studied mechanisms underlying visuospatial attention by measuring the influence of attentional selectivity on event-related brain potentials (ERPs). The results are interpreted within a theoretical frameworkdeveloped by LaBerge(1995) and LaBerge andBrown(1989). Spatial attention can have an effect on occipital P1 and N1 components in trial-by-trial cuei...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: NeuroImage
سال: 2014
ISSN: 1053-8119
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.10.060